![]() The electrospun polymeric backbones and sprayed CNF fillers enable the resulting hybrid structure to be photolithographically patternable as a negative photoresist and thermally and mechanically stable, presenting outstanding optical transparency and low CTE. Here, we report an unconventional approach to form photo-patternable, transparent cellulose nanofiber (CNF) hybrid films as flexible and stretchable substrates to improve device reliability using simultaneous electrospinning and spraying. Different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) between plastic substrates and the device components, which include multiple inorganic layers of metals or ceramics, induce thermal stress in the devices during fabrication processes or long-term operations with repetitions of thermal cyclic loading–unloading, leading to device failure and reliability degradation. An important challenge is the reliability of these deformable devices under thermal stress. Want to learn more? Check out all the benefits of AutoCAD on our Features page troubleshoot and get the details on previous software versions over on the Autodesk Knowledge Network or take a look at all entries in our series, Exploring the Features and Benefits of AutoCAD.Substantial progress in flexible or stretchable electronics over the past decade has extensively impacted various technologies such as wearable devices, displays and automotive electronics for smart cars. To Set the Transparency for All New ObjectsĪdd Transparency to Your AutoCAD Drawings To plot transparent objects, simply click the Plot Transparency option in either the Plot dialog box or Page Setup dialog box. Important: For performance reasons, transparency when plotting is disabled by default. If transparency is not displaying in your drawings, then the TransparencyDisplay variable might be turned off. Now, any new objects will automatically have this default transparency value. Here you can enter a number in the Transparency box from 0 to 90 percent. To do so, with no objects selected, go to the View Ribbon tab, and on the Palettes panel click Properties to open the Properties palette. You can set a default transparency value for all new objects and hatches that are created. Set the Default Transparency for New Objects In this example the three Mtext labels have a transparency value of 70. Once the properties palette is open you can enter a number in the Transparency box from 0 to 90 percent to set the value for all of the selected objects. If you would like to set the transparency of an individual or group of selected objects, you can do so by right-clicking and choosing properties. In the image below, the interior walls and furniture have been placed on the reference layer with a transparency value set to 50. This will allow you to create layers that are less visible to indicate they are intended for reference or less important visually to the drawing. Once set, all of the objects on the layer will maintain the same transparency value unless manually changed in the properties tab. One of the easiest ways to use transparency in your drawings is to apply a transparency value to an entire layer or layers. In the example below, the Hatch Editor is being used to add transparency to an existing hatch in order to highlight different areas while still showing the objects underneath. Existing hatch transparency can be adjusted by selecting the hatch to automatically bring up the contextual Hatch Editor Ribbon tab and then setting the transparency value as desired. By using the slider or entering a specific value in the hatch field you can adjust exactly how transparent your hatch will be, allowing you to control how much or how little objects below the hatch will be visible. You can set the transparency value of a hatch directly from the Hatch Creation Ribbon tab. Here are a few ways you can use Transparency effects in your AutoCAD drawings. Transparency can also be used to de-emphasize linework and objects that are meant for reference, removal, or simply less important to the visual goal of your drawing. Transparency effects can be used to enhance your drawings in a variety of ways, for example, by making a hatch transparent you are able to show objects that may otherwise be hidden below the hatch. Transparency is controlled in the properties of selected objects and can also be set to a default value for new objects. In AutoCAD, you can adjust the transparency value of any type of object including text, lines, images and hatching.
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